means
One-sample t-test
Compare one continuous variable against a known reference value.
Requirements
- continuous outcome
- null/reference value
Avoid when
- group comparisons
- unknown benchmark
Formula
t = (x̄ − μ₀) / (s / √n)
Interpretation
Tests whether the sample mean differs from the specified null value.
Worked example
Test whether mean assay recovery differs from a calibrated reference of 100.
Open example datasets